To what extent was China’s higher-than-expected GDP growth driven by inventory accumulation?

CHINA FINANCIAL - Report 22 Apr 2026 by Michael Pettis

Special points to highlight in this report:

- China’s 5.0% GDP growth in Q1 came in above expectations, but the expenditure-side components of GDP growth all came in below expectations. Because the former is the sum of the latter, there seemed to be a discrepancy in the data releases last week.

- Part of the discrepancy may be explained by faster growth in services than in retail sales, which implies that the growth in retail sales understated consumption growth.

- Much of the discrepancy, however, may be the result of a rise in inventory accumulation that can temporarily boost growth.

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